WESTERN Europe was in the grip of a heatwave yesterday that claimed dozens of lives, disrupted power supplies, shut schools and cultural landmarks, as forecasters warned the extreme temperatures could persist until the end of the week.
Smashing previous records, Britain logged its highest temperature for June, reaching 36.1 degrees Celsius in southern England as a heat dome hovered over much of Western Europe.
Temperatures in Paris hit a June record of 40.9C, a day after France recorded its hottest day since records began nearly 80 years ago, when temperatures peaked at 44.3C in the southwestern town of Pissos.
Italy’s health ministry placed 16 cities – including Florence, Milan, Rome, Turin and Verona – on its highest heat alert, and warned the heatwave could intensify further, peaking between Sunday and Monday.
At least 48 people have died in France from drowning since the onset of the heatwave while trying to cool off, authorities said, and two young children were killed by heat in a car.
Spain reported two elderly people had died of heatstroke after days of temperatures exceeding 40C, though conditions there began to ease yesterday following the hottest late-June days on record, according to national weather agency AEMET.
Scorching temperatures killed hundreds of thousands of birds at poultry farms in Brittany and the Pays de la Loire, agricultural groups said.
France’s nuclear power plants, which supply most of the country’s electricity, cut output by about 7 per cent of total demand as high temperatures limited access to cooling water.
The heatwave is being driven by a weather pattern known as an Omega block, pushing temperatures as much as 18C above normal, according to the Reuters Climate Monitor.
The phenomenon resembles the shape of the Greek letter Omega, with a bulbous middle trapping in heat over regions for extended periods, with cooler weather on its fringes. Heatwaves and storms are being intensified by climate change.
Britain’s record reading followed only the second extreme heat warning ever issued. Hundreds of schools closed or shortened their day as officials warned that high temperatures could endanger even healthy people. The 36.1C reported by the Met Office in Gosport in Hampshire edged above the previous June record of 35.6C set in 1957 and matched in 1976.
Even London Climate Action Week was disrupted, with organisers cancelling an event on extreme heat because of the heat itself.
The city’s rail networks were affected by the heat, including delays and speed restrictions on major London Underground lines and cancellations of some commuter services. Some trains in Wales were also cancelled due to extreme heat.
Weather agency Meteo-France has said the conditions are comparable to a heatwave in August 2003 that lasted 16 days and caused an estimated 80,000 excess deaths across Europe.
Conditions in France were expected to remain stifling today, the forecaster said, extending a red alert weather warning to 72 districts across the country.
Europe is warming at more than twice the global average, the World Meteorological Organisation has said, making prolonged heat episodes increasingly likely.
The Eiffel Tower and the Louvre announced early closing times, and the Changing of the Guard outside Buckingham Palace was scaled back, without the usual ceremony of soldiers in scarlet tunics and heavy bearskin hats.
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